ABSTRACT
Pediatricians can provide a wide variety of care to children and adolescents with complex disorders, depending on their training as well as interests, but they need to work closely with professionals in psychiatry and psychology when dealing with complex issues in mental health disorders. Behavioral health screening is therefore an important task of pediatricians and behavioral pediatricians as they evaluate their pediatric patients. Section one looks at what is called special issues in mental health that include suicide/self-harm in pediatrics, childhood-onset schizophrenia, child abuse/maltreatment, mental health issues of chronic disorders (i.e., diseases of the cardiovascular system, the kidneys and the liver), and behavioral/emotional effects of COVID-19 on children/adolescents. Section two covers various aspects of substance use disorders (SUD) that include SUD neurobiology, substance use/abuse in adolescents, an overview on cannabis, psychosocial treatments of SUDs, pharmacologic management of SUDs, and pharmacology of tobacco abuse. Section three provides a critical look at mental health management that includes psychotherapeutic interventions (i.e., children, adolescents and families), behavioral/cognitive behavioral therapies and principles of psychopharmacologic management in pediatric persons. © 2022 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
ABSTRACT
Currently, prevention and control of the coronavirus disease pneumonia epidemic situation are grim globally. To cope with total sheer carriers and patients of COVID-19 requires intensive medical support and adjunctive therapies to overcome the disease. The epidemic can be controlled with the help of both, disease suppression via community health measures and adjunctive therapies for patients suffering from infection. Till date, we do not have any proper antiCOVID-19 therapy. In order to achieve the overall realization of this pandemic, there is a need to identify treatments depending upon their direct or indirect targets;like inhibition of polyprotein synthesis, transmembrane serine protease, inhibition of viral entry and endocytosis. This could be possible by turning the focus in the direction towards the development of numerous tentative drugs, particularly in the severe to badly ill. Though, majority of these off-label adjunctive medicines are being inspected in a lot of clinical trials at different stages, scientific organizations have endeavored to elucidate the situation where these adjunctive drugs might be practiced as off-label, open- label or compassionate. Our review compiles the adjunctive therapies adopted in COVID-19 infected patients according to clinical severity in conjugation with practicing recommendations from existing guidance rules issued by global professional bodies in healthcare. © 2021 Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Currently, prevention and control of the coronavirus disease pneumonia epidemic situation are grim globally. To cope with total sheer carriers and patients of COVID-19 requires intensive medical support and adjunctive therapies to overcome the disease. The epidemic can be controlled with the help of both, disease suppression via community health measures and adjunctive therapies for patients suffering from infection. Till date, we do not have any proper anti-COVID-19 therapy. In order to achieve the overall realization of this pandemic, there is a need to identify treatments depending upon their direct or indirect targets;like inhibition of polyprotein synthesis, transmembrane serine protease, inhibition of viral entry and endocytosis. This could be possible by turning the focus in the direction towards the development of numerous tentative drugs, particularly in the severe to badly ill. Though, majority of these off-label adjunctive medicines are being inspected in a lot of clinical trials at different stages, scientific organizations have endeavored to elucidate the situation where these adjunctive drugs might be practiced as off-label, open- label or compassionate. Our review compiles the adjunctive therapies adopted in COVID-19 infected patients according to clinical severity in conjugation with practicing recommendations from existing guidance rules issued by global professional bodies in healthcare.